Model Use of Force Policy

Rethinking the Rules of Engagement: Moving Beyond Graham v. Connor The legal baseline for police use of force in the … More

Moving Past Graham v. Connor: Who is Raising the Bar?

The Stanford Law School Model Use of Force Policy explicitly addresses the core limitation of Graham v. Connor (1989): that Graham establishes only the constitutional baseline of “objective reasonableness“—a … More

What Has Happened to Once Good Police Departments?

The Gap Between Policy and Practice in American Policing A working paper The Paradox A department can do almost everything … More

Learning Hard Lessons

Gaining Deeper Perspectives on Culture, Systems, and Change The first of my “Hard Lessons” occurred during the Deming-influenced quality improvement … More

The Fatal Flaw in Modern Police Reform

Why Graham Keeps American Police Stuck! Across the country, progressive municipal police departments pride themselves on progressive transformation. They invest … More

How Police in America Got Hijacked

From Guardians to Warriors: How 9/11 Changed American Policing — and Why It Hasn’t Stopped I took my first oath … More

Building an Effective Strategy and Coalition

IF EUROPE’S POLICE CAN, WHY CAN’T WE? A Systems-Thinking Case for Improving Police Use of Deadly Force [Executive Summary: Constitutional baselines … More